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Aplastic anemia is a very rare disorder in which the body's bone marrow's ability to reproduce damaged blood cells. Red blood cells produced by the bone marrow helps carry oxygen throughout your body also removes carbon dioxide from the cells. White cells are what help us prevent or fight infections while blood platelets help us with "freezing" or sticking together to stop bleeding.
There are some cases where aplastic anemia is inherited, however, this is very rare and is usually obtained from a variety of medical conditions including cancer treatments that make use of chemotherapy and radiation as a form of treatment that not only kill cancer cells but also the healthy cells including stem cells in the bone marrow.
The most common symptoms associated with aplastic anemia found constantly weak and tired due to the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the red blood cells that are responsible for the oxygen is taken into the body. This condition can also cause dizziness, headache, shortness of breath, cold hands and feet.
When the white blood cells become low in the body more susceptible to viral infections like influenza, which tend to last longer and occur more frequently than in individuals with normal blood count. Low platelet count causes individuals to bleed more easily and usually causes frequent nose bleeds, bleeding gums, and bleeding that is hard to stop when injured.
People who live with mild to moderate aplastic anemia in serious condition but does not have to be hospitalized for treatment. With a very low amount of all types of blood cells, the disease is considered to be severe and life-threatening that hospitalization for treatment is immediately required.
Blood transfusion does not give permanent medication but they help relieve symptoms by giving blood cells that are not produced by the bone marrow. Red blood cell transfusions help reduce signs of fatigue and anemia. Transfused cells expected to remain in the body for a month or more. However, there are risks such as over-accumulation of iron in the body and the development of antibodies that fight the effectiveness of transfused blood cells.
Platelet transfusion is possible via hemapheresis. This is a process that separates the platelets from blood donation by special machines. Blood is returned to the donor platelet transfusion and isolated to the patient. White blood cell transfusion is not easy because the blood cells have a very short life and it is very difficult to isolate.
There are different treatment options are recommended for each level of the disease. For mild to moderate aplastic anemia, a blood transfusion and medicine are still appropriate options, but for severe cases, bone marrow transplantation may be the only option. Aplastic anemia is a disease caused by a lack of hemoglobin or red blood points on the body. A type of anemia itself an assortment of differentiated on the basis of its originators.
Aplastic anemia is a generic term that is used when the bone marrow fails to produce red blood cells, white blood cells, also called pancytopenia. This can be caused by some virus infection parvovirus or HIV, drugs or radiation, or rarely, it can be congenital or birth. Chemotherapy medications often cause bone marrow suppression resulting in thrombocytopenia. Some of the other drugs from chemotherapy can suppress platelet production, such as thiazide diuretics. Cancer of the bone marrow and blood (leukemia) or cancer of the lymphatic nodules nodules (lymphoma) can lead to various degrees-degrees of thrombocytopenia.